NZ Inf Badges

New Zealand Infantry Badges

Just prior to the beginning of WW1, New Zealand had an established, regular Army, which had come into force in 1911 as part of the 1909 Defence Act.
For administration purposes, New Zealand had been divided into four Army Area's (prior to 1911, under the Volunteer system, it had been 5 Army Area's, but the Nelson area was absorbed into Canterbury), with 4 Infantry in each "Area".
The area's were as follows:
A - Auckland Area - covering from the middle to the top of the North Island of NZ.
Infantry Regiments consisted of:
- 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment
- 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment
- 15th (North Auckland) Infantry Regiment
- 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment

B - Wellington Area - covering from the middle to lower half of the North Island of NZ.
Infantry Regiments consisted of:
- 5th (Wellington Rifles) Infantry Regiment
- 7th (Wellington West Coast) Infantry Regiment
- 9th (Hawke’s Bay) Infantry Regiment
- 11th (Taranaki) Infantry Regiment
- 17th (Ruahine) Infantry Regiment - Formed April 1914

C - Canterbury Area - covering from the middle to the top half of the South Island of NZ.
Infantry Regiments consisted of:
- 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment
- 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment
- 12th (Nelson) Regiment - became the 12th (Nelson & Marlborough) from 1917
- 13th (North Canterbury & Westland) Regiment

D - Otago Area - covering from the middle to the lower half of the South Island and including Stewart Island.
Infantry Regiments consisted of:
- 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment
- 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment
- 10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment
- 14th (South) Otago Infantry Regiment

This section of the website will look at the huge variation of Cap and Collar badges worn by the 17 New Zealand Infantry Regiments from 1911 until now.

New Zealand Infantry Regiments

1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment.

Formed in 1911 (from the 1st North Canterbury Battalion), with Headquarters at Christchurch:
- Left: A Officers Bronze and Silver (not marked as such to back) Cap badge with two tangs or blades. Maker plaque to back to "J R Gaunt, London".
- Middle: A Gaunt made and plaqued Cap badge, with hook. In 1911 there was little uniformed direction on what Hat or Cap the newly formed New Zealand Army should wear. Therefore it was often left to the Regiment and its Officers to decide. Some, such as 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment, adopted the slouch hat for a period before WW1. It was worn with one flap held up/back, as had been the style during the Boer War. Some badges were therefore produced with a hook at the base. This is a rare survivor, as many of these badges had their hook snapped/clipped off, and issued as normal Cap badge.
- Right: Referred to as the "Spiky Leaf" version, with angular crown and fern wreath, this appears to be a locally made NZ version of the cap badge, and is rare.

Variations:
- Left: A all brass version of the badge to the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regt. No maker mark, and thin wire loops to back.

- Middle: Again, a all brass version of the badge, but this time with slider. Note the non-voded crown.

- Right: A bi-metal version of the badge, again no maker mark, but it has rather pulled D-shaped looped lugs to the back, so could be "J R Gaunt", but just not marked.

- Opposite: A Bi-metal Cap badge and Bi-metal collars to the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Maker plaqued to back of Cap badge crown to "J R Gaunt, London". Both collars have D shaped copper loops to back, but only the left is impressed to "J R Gaunt, London".

- Far Left and Far Right: A matching opposing pair of Gilt Fired and Silver collars (not marked) to the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Both have D shaped copper loops to back.

- Middle Left: A solid backed, Gilt Fired Cap badge to the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Marked "S" to back (for Silver center) but no maker mark, this is the 1911 to 1952 version of the badge.

- Middle Right: A solid backed, gilt fired Cap badge to the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Impressed to back to "J R Gaunt, London", this is the Queens Crowned version, and used from 1952 to 1964, after which the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regt became a Battalion of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment.

Some Variations:
- Left: A sand cast Brass Cap badge, complete with Gaunt plaque cast into its back. Made in the Middle East during WW1 as Kiwi Regiments were briefly stationed there or passed through to other theaters of War.

- Top Right: A all white metal version of the Collar. It could be its just lost the upper banner over-lay. No maker mark.

- Bottom Right: A unusual collar size badge, initially it looks to have been cut from a Cap badge, but is not, as its missing then the lower oval center banner which would be between the feet of the Heron and the middle banner. Purpose unknown. Two copper looped lugs to back.

The Regiment amalgamated with the 12th & 13th (Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast) Infantry Regiment in 1964 to become the 2nd Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR).

- Opposite: A pair of shiny brass coloured, modern opposing collars to the 2nd Battalion (Canterbury, Nelson and Marlborough West Coast) Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment.

Both have a pair of pins to back with no maker mark.

They are worn with the current version of the RNZIR Cap badge.

2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment.

Formed in 1911, with Headquarters at Timaru:

- Above Left: A Bronze, bi-metal, solid back Officers Cap badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Two tangs or blades to back and impressed with the maker details of "J R Gaunt, London".
- Above Right: A bi-metal , solid back Officers Collar badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Two D-shaped copper looped lugs to back and impressed with the maker details of "J R Gaunt, London".

- Above: A rare Silver and Gold, solid back sweethearts badge in the size of a Cap badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Brooch fitting to back with "Stg Silver" stamped to back base.

Three Other Ranks Cap badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Note the variations in Kiwi and vegetation to base of center.
- Left: A blackened Cap badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.
- Middle: A gilt brass cap badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Much larger Kiwi to center, with D shaped copper looped lugs and a maker plaque to back to "J R Gaunt, London"
- Right: A change again in the design of the Kiwi to center. Again D shaped copper looped lugs and a maker plaque to back to "J R Gaunt, London".

- Opposite & Above: A matching set in terms of colour and construction to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. All have D shaped copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above Left: A pair of Gilt brass Collar badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Opposing, with D shaped copper looped lugs and both are maker plaqued to "J R Gaunt, London".
- Above Right: A pair of Darkened brass Collar badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Opposing, with D shaped copper looped lugs and both are maker plaqued to "J R Gaunt, London".

- Top Left: A variation made again by Gaunt, with larger base relief and a more up-right Kiwi. D shaped copper looped lugs to back, along with a maker plaque.
- Bottom Left: A all brass version of the Collar badge to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Copper looped lugs, but no maker mark. I have not seen a Cap or other collar badge to match this.
- Right: Just for comparison, a 1902 to 1911 pattern Collar badge to the South Canterbury Battalion. Scarce and probably made by Gaunt, every now and then one comes to market and can be mistaken for a later pattern badge.

Above: A group photo, taken in France (it says 1916 to back) of Officers to the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Sadly not all are yet identified at this stage.
Front Row Left: 6/408 Captain Douglas Playfair Fraser, MID, sadly KIA on the 20th Sept 1916 on the Somme, France.
Back Row, 2nd from the Right: A possible ID of 6/478 William Moyse Hocking.

The 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Regiment was absorbed into the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment in 1921.

3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment.

The 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment was formed in 1911 (from the 1st Battalion, Auckland Infantry (Countess of Ranfurly's Own), with Headquarters at Auckland:

- Opposite Left: A darkened bronze Officers Cap badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Two tangs or blades to back, with maker impressed to back to "J R Gaunt, London".

- Opposite Right: A solid, bronze, Officers Collar badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Impressed to back to "J R Gaunt, London", and with two D shaped copper looped lugs.

- Top Row Left: A single piece, gilt brass Cap badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. No maker mark to back, and thick copper wire loops.

- Top Row Right: A solid gilt brass NZ made Cap badge, with twisted brass looped lugs to back to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. No maker mark.

- Center: A gilt brass WW1 era Cap badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Maker plaqued to "J R Gaunt, London" to behind crown, it has two D shaped copper looped lugs.

- Bottom Row Left & Right: Gilt brass opposing Collar badge pair to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. These have the marker plaque of "J R Gaunt, London" to back, along with the D shaped copper lugs.

- Above Center Left: A kings crown gilt fired Cap badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Solid to back, with looped lugs. Maker mark impressed to "J R Gaunt London". Note there is also a extra piece of voiding to bottom center, between the circular wreath and bottom banner.
- Above Center Right: A kings crown gilt fired cap badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Again, solid to back, with extra long lugs to back. No maker mark.
- Above Far Left and Right: A pair of gilt fired collar badges to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Both are solid to back, and have two D shaped copper lugs. No maker mark.

- Above: A scarce coppery gilt Collar badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. This is the type with "3rd (Auck) Regt NZ Infantry" in the base banner. Usually they have the full word Regiment.

- Above: A gilt brass, opposing pair of Collar badges to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Both are maker marked to back of top banner ends to "M & K" and "W" for Mayer and Kean, Wellington. Two copper wire looped lugs to back of each.

- Opposite Left & Bottom Center: A variation to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment Cap and Collar badge. Non-voided background to both Cap center, and underneath of Arm on Collar. No maker mark, and thin wire type lugs to back.
- Opposite Right: A Cap badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment in gilt brass with Slider to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A scarce set of Cap and matching, opposing Collar badges to the 1st Battalion, (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Worn initially with the formation of the regiment in 1911.

- Opposite Center: A Queens crown gilt fired cap badge to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Solid to back, with extra long lugs, and maker impress to "J R Gaunt, London".
- Opposite Far Left and Right: A pair of gilt fired collar badges to the 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Both are solid to back, and have two D shaped copper lugs. No maker mark.

The 3rd (Auckland) Infantry Regiment badges were worn until 1964, when the Regiment merged with the 15th (Northland) Infantry Regiment and became the 3rd Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR).

4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment.

Formed in 1911 (from the 1st Battalion, Otago Rifles), with Headquarters at Dunedin:

- Opposite: is the first pattern of badges worn by the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment, from 1911 until around 1914. All brass, with short copper looped lugs to back. Note, not much difference in size between Collars and Cap. No maker mark.

- Above: A Collar badge to the 6th Regt, N.Z.R - it has been mentioned that this could be to either a Territorial unit or maybe a Reinforcement Badge. Not often seen, and I have yet to come across a Cap and other Collar.

Some variations:
- Top Row Above: A darkened Copper Cap badge to the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment. No maker mark to back, and short copper looped lugs.
- Middle Row Above: Non-voided, opposing collar badges to the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment in brass. Again, no maker mark, and short looped lugs to back.
- Bottom Row Above: A darkened Copper Cap badge to the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment. No maker mark to back, and a long slider.

- Opposite: A large Horse breast badge to the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment. It is usually mounted on a piece of leather. Cast brass, with three large D-shaped lugs to back. The Cap badge in the upper right hand corner is just for scale/show size.

From around 1914, the Regiment changed its Cap and Collar design to the below. They were worn overseas by the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment in WW1.

- Opposite and Above: A Cap and opposing Collar badges to the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment. Gilt brass, with each having two D shaped, copper looped lugs to back. Each also has a maker plaque to back with "J R Gaunt, London". Size of Cap is 34mm by 41mm, while Collar badge size is 25mm by 31mm.

- Opposite and Above: A Cap and opposing Collar badges to the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment. Gilt brass, with round, copper looped lugs to back. No maker mark. Size of Cap is 34mm by 41mm, while Collar badge size is 25mm by 31mm.

- Opposite: A darkened collar badge to the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment. Two D shaped looped lugs to back, but no maker mark. Size is 25mm by 31mm.

The 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment fought in both WW1 and WW2, but amalgamated with the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment in 1948 to form the Otago and Southland Regiment (their badges are further below).

5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment

Formed in 1911 (from the 1st Battalion, Wellington Rifles), with Headquarters at Wellington:
At the outbreak of WW1, the regiments members made up part of the Samoan Expeditionary Force, sent in August 1914 to capture German held Samoa. Upon its return in early 1915, some of its members re-enlisted, and formed parts of the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade, who saw action in France.
The following are Officer Cap and Collars to the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. There is photographic evidence that these badges were worn during WW1.

- Above: A semi-solid gilt brass Cap badge to a Officer in the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. To back were three tangs, all of which have been cut off, and two wire loops crudely soldered to back. Maker impressed to back of upper lower center banner to "J R Gaunt London".

- Above: A semi-solid darkened brass Cap badge to a Officer in the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. To back are two out of three tangs, with the top tang behind the flag snapped off. Maker plaqued to back of lower banner to "J R Gaunt London".

- Opposite & Above: A semi-solid darkened bronze Cap and Collar badge set to a Officer in the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. To back, each badge has two tangs. Maker impressed to back of all to "Firmin London".
Note the Collar badges were also worn by some Offcers of the British Duke Of Wellington's Regiment (West Riding).

- Opposite & Above: Other Ranks Cap & Collar badges to 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. Often referred to in the books as "1st Battalion badges" and certainly worn from 1911 to 1920. Both Cap and opposing Collars have 2 copper looped lugs to back in a North South configuration. All have a small plaque to back to "J R Gaunt London".

The above right collar (as pictured) was worn as a Cap badge by Wellington Volunteer units prior to 1911, and usually had a brass "N" and "Z" either side to front of the peaked Cap.

- Opposite & Above: A gilt brass other ranks Cap and Collar badge to the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. All are die stamped, with copper looped lugs to Cap, and D shaped copper looped lugs to Collars. No maker mark, but likely Gaunt.

- Above: A gilt brass other ranks Cap badge to the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. Die stamped, with thick copper looped lugs to back. Maker marked to "M & K W" for Mayer & Kean Wellington.

- Above: A gilt brass other ranks Cap badge to the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. Die stamped, with two short bolt threads to back, and large brass flanges. No maker mark.

- Opposite & Above: A gilt fired Cap and Collar badge set to the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. The Cap badge is semi-solid, with long looped lugs to back. The Collars are die stamped, but have a very heavily gilt finish. All have no maker mark.

- Above: A pair of similar made Cap badges to the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. Both are die stamped, with pressed type brass lugs, more commonly seen on NZ badges in the 1940's/50's. One has a darkened finish, while the other is in gilt brass. Both have no maker mark.

- Above: A pair of early gilt fired Collar badges to the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. These are semi-solid to back, with D shaped copper looped in a North South configuration. They are not maker marked.

- Above: A later chromed collar badge to the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment. Possibly Regimental Band, which would have worn white metal or chromed insignia as a distinction. Two D shaped chromed lugs to back, with no maker mark.

In 1964, the 5th (Wellington) Infantry Regiment merged with the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment to become the 7th Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR).

6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment

Formed in 1911 (from the 2nd Battalion, Auckland (Hauraki) Infantry), with Headquarters at Paeroa:

- Above: A rare bi-metal, multi-piece Officers Cap badge to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment. Possible silver, with certainly frosting still to back, but not marked. Two long tangs to back and with a makers plaque to "J R Gaunt London".

- Above: Again, a rare bi-metal, multi-piece Officers Cap badge to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment. Frosting to front detail, with much better gilt finish still remaining. This badge has been brooch fitted to back, and has the makers plaque to "J R Gaunt London".

- Above: A pair of incomplete bi-metal collars to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiement. Note I am missing the gilt brass center piece on both of them. They are opposing, with the two Lion's facing inwards. They do also have part of the lower banner in raised letters to base of banner "Kia Kana".

A complete, multi-piece collar badge to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment. Two copper looped lugs to back, along with the maker plaque of "J R Gaunt London" to backing plate. I am apparently missing the cloth backing inside.

- Opposite: A Officers Bronze Cap and Collar badge to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment. Note the voiding to center, which seems to be a feature on Officers Cap badges to this regiment. This example has had its tangs removed from the back, and a long brooch fitting attached. Maker mark, impressed to the semi-solid back to "J R Gaunt, London".
Both Collars are in a darkened copper/bronze finish, with D shaped lugs to back. No maker mark, and note the Lion's are opposing to center.

- Above: A gilt fired brass set of Cap and opposing Collars (note the lions face in different directions to center) to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment.
All badges are semi-solid to back, with long looped lugs. Only the Cap badge is maker mark impressed to back base to "J R Gaunt, London".

- Above Top: A gilt brass, other ranks Cap badge to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment. Maker plaqued to back to "J R Gaunt, London".
- Above Middle and Bottom: A gilt brass, other ranks set to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment. Both opposing collars are not marked, but the Cap badge has a raised maker mark to "M & K Ltd, Wgtn, NZ" for Mayer & Kean, Wellington, New Zealand, on the lower left of the banner back.

- Opposite: Two variations in Collar badge to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment.
Left is a gilt brass "left" collar when worn. Note the elongated center rays of the star to top and bottom. No maker mark to back, with two copper looped lugs.
Right is again a gilt brass "left" collar badge, for comparison with the other. This is maker marked to back to "J R Gaunt, London" on a small brass plaque. Two D shaped copper looped lugs.

- Opposite: A full length image of 12/3760 Pte. Alexander Neil Mcleod. Alex started his service on the 20th of October 1915, as part of A Coy, 9th Infantry Reinforcements. This was later changed to the 10th Reinforcements.
He saw 3 years and 53 days overseas during WW1, with the Auckland Infantry Regiment.
Here he is wearing the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regiment Cap badge and Collar badges.

- Above: A earlier image of Alex's military life. He is standing, holding the guide rope of the tent at Trentham Camp as part of either A Coy, 9th or 10th Infantry Reinforcements.
Happily Alex survived WW1, and went on to serve at home in WW2, with the service number 812218

In 1921 the regiments designation was changed to The Hauraki Regiment.
During WW2, the 6th contributed to the following overseas Battalions of the 2NZEF:
- 18th Battalion - Briefly till the 5th October 1942.
- 21st Battalion
- 24th Battalion
- 29th Battalion
In 1964 the regiment became the 6th Battalion of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment.

The 6th (Hauraki) still exist today, but are now part of the 3 Battalions of Territorial Force which support the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR).
They are designated as the 3rd/6th Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (3/6 RNZIR), from

- 3rd Battalion (Auckland [Countess of Ranfurly's Own] and Northland Regiment),
- 6th Battalion (Hauraki Regiment)
They still wear a version of their badge, as opposite, and it comes in a gilded metal (left set) or darkened version (right set).
Note the Collar badges are now worn voided to center.

- Above Center: A large painted chrome metal badge to the 6th (Hauraki) Infantry Regimental Band.

7th (Wellington West Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment.

Cap and Collar badges to the 7th (Wellington West Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment. Formed in 1911 (from the 2nd Battalion, Wellington (West Coast) Rifles).
Headquarters were at Wanganui.

- Opposite: A Cap and Collar badge set to the 7th (Wellington West Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment. Maker marked to J R Gaunt of London. Gilt brass finish is now a dull tone.

- Opposite: A unmarked set of badges 7th (Wellington West Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment. Just showing variation, especially the left Collar (pictured), where the Lion is completely different to the Gaunt style above. The lower banner's motto is also smaller lettered.

- Opposite Left: A single bronze Officers collar to the 7th (Wellington West Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment. Semi-solid to back and impressed to "J R Gaunt, London".

- Opposite Right: A sand cast collar to the 7th (Wellington West Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment. Probably middle Eastern manufacture, around WW1.

- Opposite: A 24mm unknown blazer or livery button with the Duke of Wellington's coat of arms. Looks to have been silver plated in the past, on copper, which has worn/oxidised with time.
Maker marked to "Firmin & Sons Ltd, 153 Strand, London".

The regiments designation changed in 1921 to The Wellington West Coast Regiment.

During WW2, the 7th contributed to the following overseas Battalions of the 2NZEF:
- 19th Battalion - Briefly till the 5th October 1942.
- 22nd Battalion
- 25th Battalion
- 36th Battalion

The 7th (Wellington West Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment amalgamated with the 11th (Taranaki) Infantry Regiment after WW2 to form the 7th/11th Wellington West Coast & Taranaki Regiment (its badges are further down).

8th (Southland Rifles) Infantry Regiment.

Cap and opposing Collar badges to the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment.
Formed in 1911 (from the 2nd Battalion, Otago Rifles).
Headquarters were at Invercargill.

- Opposite: A semi-solid bronze Cap badge with Silver Spear to the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment. A little toned and polished, its difficult to distinguish the separately applied Taiaha (Spear in Maori) in Silver. The badge is impressed to back to "J R Gaunt London".
- Above: A opposing pair of bronze or bronzed Collar badges to the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment. Two D shaped copper lugs to the back of each. No maker mark.

- Opposite: A Cap and opposing Collar badges set in gilt brass to the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment. All have a marker plaque to "J R Gaunt, London" to back. D shaped looped lugs are in a North/South configuration.

- Above: A darkened copper Cap badge to the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment. Most of the darkened finish has been polished off. Note the non-void area, maybe to prevent the spear from breaking. Two copper wire looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Opposite: A Cap and opposing Collar badge set in darkened copper to the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment. All three have copper looped wire lugs to back. No marker mark. Lugs are again in a North/South configuration to back.

- Opposite and Above: The scarce "Spear Across the Body" type, possible to counter the issue of the spear tip catching and breaking off. If you have ever tried to collect a set of badges to the 8th, you will come across many examples where the spear tip has snapped off. This type appear to be locally made in New Zealand.

- Opposite: A superb, full length picture of 8/448 2nd Lieut Henry Nicolson around late 1918/1919.

Henry was from Invercargill, in the south of the South Island. He started his military service on the 14th of August 1914 and was to spend 3 years and 206 days overseas.

He rose from the rank of Private to 2nd Lieutenant.

Henry left with the main body of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, traveling to Egypt, and then onto Gallipoli with the Otago Infantry Battalion.

In September 1915, he was evacuated out from the peninsula, sick.

Recovered, he went on to join the 3rd Battalion of the Otago Infantry Regiment, in France, where he was wounded (Gunshot wound to face and chest) on the 4th of October 1917.
He was to lose his right eye in December that year.

Henry remained in the UK until July 1918, as part of New Zealand Headquarters, based in London. He was then stuck off strength and sent home due to his wounds.

The opposite photo show Henry presumable at home, in New Zealand, wearing a earlier style of Officers tunic, with rank cuffs to a 2nd Lieutenant. His Lemon Squeezer has the Cap badge to the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment, with matching collars to his tunic.
On his right sleeve are 3 Overseas service Chevrons to represent the 3+ years of his service.

Henry's record shows that he was at least still alive in June 1967, as he was awarded both his Gallipoli medallion and lapel badge.

In 1921 the 8th absorbed the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment to form The Southland Regiment.
During WW2, the 8th contributed to the following overseas Battalions of the 2NZEF:
- 20th Battalion - Briefly till the 5th October 1942.
- 23rd Battalion
- 26th Battalion
- 30th Battalion
- 37th Battalion

In 1948 The 4th (Otago) and 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiments merged, and formed the Otago and Southland Regiment.
- Above: A Cap and Collar badge set in gilt fired brass to the Otago and Southland Regiment. The Cap badge to center is different to the right collar (when pictured) in that the size of the lugs on the Cap badge are a lot longer. All have a raised maker mark of "J R Gaunt, London" to back.

- Above: A gilt brass, die stamped Cap badge to the Otago and Southland Regiment. It does not appear to have had collars issued with it.

The Otago and Southland Regiment became the 4th Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR) in 1964.

9th (East Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment.

A selection of Cap and Collar badges to the 9th (Wellington East Coast) Infantry Regiment which formed in 1911 (from the 5th Battalion Wellington (Center or Ruahine) Rifles which also amalgamated at the time 3rd Battalion Wellington (East Coast) Rifles.
Redesignated 9th (Hawke's Bay) Regiment on the 27th March 1914.
Headquarters was at Napier.

- Above: A Officers darkened bronze Cap badge to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. Semi-solid to back, with the maker details impressed to "J R Gaunt, London". Two D shaped looped lugs to back.

- Above: A rare variation of the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment Cap badge. This badge has been issued with a hook to hold back the flap of a slouched hat, these are rare especially to this regiment. Like the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment hooked Cap badge, they came about prior to WW1 due to the different Regiments adopting a wide range of Hats.

(continued): At some stage the 9th (Wellington East Coast) Infantry Regiment adopted the slouch Hat, with the Cap Badge worn to the side, and the brim of the Hat worn up. The hook would have been used to hold the brim back.
Sadly this has been bent 360 degrees, behind the badge, but the hook is still firmly attached. Maker plaqued to J R Gaunt to back, with copper looped lugs.

- Opposite: A "Other Ranks" gilt brass Cap badge to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. Copper looped lugs to back and a maker plaque to "J R Gaunt, London".
- Above: A matching pair of darkened Collar badges to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. D shaped copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark. Likely Gaunt.

- Opposite: A gilt fired brass Officers Cap badge to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. Long looped lugs to back, which is semi-solid. No maker mark.
- Above: A matching pair of gilt fired Collar badges to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. D shaped copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark. Likely Gaunt.

In 1921 the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment absorbed the 17th (Ruahine) Infantry Regiment.

During WW2, the 9th contributed to the following overseas Battalions of the 2NZEF:
- 19th Battalion - Briefly till the 5th October 1942.
- 22nd Battalion
- 25th Battalion
- 36th Battalion

In 1941, the 2nd Battalion of the Hawkes Bay Regiment was mobilised and designated the 1st Battalion Ruahine Regiment.

- Above: A gilt brass Cap badge to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. Copper wire looped lugs to back, but no maker mark. Note the wider frame and smaller crown.

- Above: A gilt brass Cap badge to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. Two pressed type lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A semi-solid, Queens Crown, gilt fired brass Cap badge to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. Two long looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above: A matching pair of gilt brass Collar badges to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. Two thick copper wire lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above: A gilt brass Collar badge to the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment. Two round copper wire lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above: A pair of shiny brass coloured, modern collars to the 7th Battalion (Wellington (City of Wellington's Own) and Hawkes Bay) Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment.
Both have a pair of pins to back with no maker mark.

The regiment amalgamated with the Wellington Regiment, and became the 7th Battalion of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR) in 1964.

10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment.

Cap or Collar badge (their were worn as either) to the 10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment. Formed in 1911 (from the 3rd Battalion, Otago Rifles), they were absorbed into the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment in 1921.
Headquarters were at Oamaru.

- Opposite: A pair of darkened bronze, semi-solid Cap or Collar badges to the 10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment. Note the void around the shield to center. This feature appears on early badges only (and maybe continued for Officers). Both have two D shaped copper looped lugs to back, with only the left Badge being maker impressed to "J R Gaunt, London". The right has suffered some damage/filing to front.

- Opposite: Gaunt made, gilt brass Cap and or Collar badges to the 10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment, with the scarce void area around the shield.
A cautionary tale with these.
A story circulated a few years back with regards to a NZ collector and his Jeweler mate, who mentioned that they were doing a rip-roaring trade in selling voided 10th badges by converting non-void versions, by cutting out the background. The difference in price when sold was apparently well worth their while. ;-(

- Opposite Top Three: Gaunt made, more common non-void type gilt brass to the 10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment. D shaped copper looped lugs to back.

- Opposite Bottom: A New Zealand made 10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment Cap or Collar badge. Note the variation in size and shape to the Gaunt made badges. Copper loops to back, but no maker mark.

- Above: A pre-WW1/WW1 of the 10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment in Camp, in New Zealand. A mix of missing insignia, with one having nothing, while another with just a Cap badge. The center nealing soldier is showing his sholder strap which clearly has a "10" over "NZR". Sadly no names or date.

11th (Taranaki Rifles) Infantry Regiment.

The 11th (Taranaki Rifles), was, like all the rest formed in 1911 (from the 4th Battalion, Wellington (Taranaki) Rifles).
Headquarters were at Stratford.

They wore a couple of variations to their badge.

- Top: A bronze Officers Cap badge to the 11th (Taranaki) Rifles Regiment. Note this and the one below, are the scarce early version with the Battle Honors to either side to front. It has been noted by a Commanding Officer of the 11th, that these badges were worn by the Men in France in December 1916. This badge has two tangs or blades to back and is maker impressed to "J R Gaunt, London".

- Bottom: Other Ranks, gilt brass version of the 11th (Taranaki) Infantry Regiment Cap or Collar badge with Battle Honors.

- Above: Cap and/or Collar badge in gilt brass to the 11th Taranaki Rifle Regiment. All three are made by "J R Gaunt London", with this being the standard badge for the Regiment later in WW1.

- Above: More examples of the Cap and or Collar badge in gilt brass to the 11th Taranaki Rifle Regiment. None of these are maker marked, but have similar or slightly different detail to front from the Gaunt examples. The bottom center badge has 2 hex type brass lugs to back, much like you would find on a WW1 Reinforcements badge.

In 1921 the 11th Taranaki Regiment was re-designated the 4th Battalion Wellington Regiment, and then its title changed again to just the Taranaki Regiment in 1923.
It is thought that the badges opposite were made in 1921, with pictorial evidence of them still being worn in 1930.

- Opposite Top Row: A Officers Cap badge in darkened bronze, to the IVth Battalion, Wellington Regiment, Taranaki Rifles. Two tangs or blades to back and impressed to "J R Gaunt London.

- Opposite Middle and Bottom Row: Gilt brass other ranks Cap and/or Collar Badges with the title: IVth Battalion, Wellington Regiment, Taranaki Rifles. All have a plaque attached to back by "J R Gaunt, London".

During WW2, the 11th contributed to the following overseas Battalions of the 2NZEF:
- 19th Battalion - Briefly till the 5th October 1942.
- 22nd Battalion
- 25th Battalion
- 36th Battalion

After WW2 the 11th (Taranaki) Infantry Regiment amalgamated with the 7th (Wellington West Coast Rifles) Infantry Regiment to form the 7th/11th (Wellington West Coast & Taranaki) Regiment.
In 1964, they became the 5th Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR).

In 1974 further name changes occurred to reflect each units historical links, and the 5th was renamed to:
- 5th (Wellington West Coast & Taranaki) Battalion, RNZIR.
It was a Territorial Battalion of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment.

In 1999 all Territorial battalions split from the RNZIR to become multi-function battalion groups.

In 2012 the Territorial Force was re-organised again, with the battalion groups splitting and the former units rejoining their parent corps and regiments.
The Infantry battalions were amalgamated from 6 to three, with the 5th and 7th Battalions amalgamating to form the 5th/7th Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment.

- Above: A 1950's to 1964 style Cap badge in gilt brass and white metal to the 7th/11th (Wellington West Coast & Taranaki) Regiment. Two thick, wire looped lugs to back. No maker mark, but possibly Mayer & Kean or Wellington.

- Above: A 1950's to 1964 style Cap badge in gilt brass and white metal to the 7th/11th (Wellington West Coast & Taranaki) Regiment. Two pressed type copper lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A matching, opposing Collar badge pair in gilt brass and white metal to the 7th/11th (Wellington West Coast & Taranaki) Regiment. Two thick, wire looped lugs to the back of each. No maker mark, but possibly Mayer & Kean or Wellington and match the above Cap badge.

- Top Row: As part of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment, the 5th/7th Battalion wear the RNZIR Cap badge. Above are modern day collar badges to the unit.
- Above left: A gilt brass and white metal Collar with two pins to back to be used with clutches. No maker mark.
- Above Center and Right: A opposing pair of darkened copper 2 piece Collars badges. The center badges has three pins, while the right has two. No maker mark.

- Opposite: Modern pair of cloth badges to the 5th/7th Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment. Note the Phoenix heads are opposing.

In 2008, the Regiment celebrated its 150 years. Three types of badges were struck for the occasion.

- Above: A darkened bronze coloured metal version of the Cap badge to the 11th (Taranaki) Rifles Regiment, with battle honors and the dates "1858 - 2008". It has two pins to back to be used with clutches. No maker mark and size 25mm by 50mm.

- Above: A gilt metal version of the Cap badge to the 11th (Taranaki) Rifles Regiment, with battle honors and the dates "1858 - 2008". It has two looped lugs to back. No maker mark and size 25mm by 50mm.

- Bottom: A Stirling Silver version of the Cap badge to the 11th (Taranaki) Rifles Regiment, with battle honors and the dates "1858 - 2008". It has two lugs to back, along with the mark of "St.Silv" and is numbered "18". No maker mark and size 25mm by 50mm.

12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment.

The 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment again formed in 1911.
Headquarters was at Nelson.

- Above: A darkened Bronze Officer Cap badge to the 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment. Semi-solid to back, with two blades or tangs to back. Sadly one has buts off. At back base, is the impressed maker mark of "J R Gaunt London".

- Above: A darkened brass Cap badge to the 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment. Die-stamped, with two D shaped looped lugs to back, and small maker plaque to "J R Gaunt London".

- Above: A pair of matching, opposing gilt brass Collar badgese to the 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment. Two D shaped looped lugs to back on each, along with a small maker plaque of "J R Gaunt London".

- Above: A darkened brass Cap badge to the 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment. Die-stamped, with two D shaped looped lugs to back, but no maker mark. Note the "12" to top is joined.

- Above: A matching darkened pair of brass Collar badges to the 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment. Copper D shaped lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above: A darkened brass Cap badge to the 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment. Die-stamped, with two looped lugs to back and no maker mark. Variations in the bow to base and the antlers to the Stag.

In 1917, due to losses on the Western Front, part of the 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Infantry Regiment merged with the 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment. On the 13th of April 1917, the title of the 12th (Nelson) Infantry Regiment was changed to the 12th (Nelson & Marlborough) Infantry Regiment. This was reflected in a new badge, which is hard to get.

- Above & Opposite: A Cap and Collar badge set to the 12th (Nelson & Marlborough) Infantry Regiment. All have a darkened finish applied, though noth collars are polish to front, with just the finish to back. All have two D shaped copper looped lugs and a makers plaque to back to "J R Gaunt London"

- Above: A single darkened Collar badge to the 12th (Nelson & Marlborough) Infantry Regiment. This has its full darkened finish to front with two D shaped copper looped lugs and a makers plaque to back to "J R Gaunt London"

- Above: A post WW1 bi-metal Collar badge to the 12th (Nelson & Marlborough) Infantry Regiment. Semi-solid to back, with 2 D shaped copper looped lugs to back and the impressed maker mark of "J R Gaunt London.

In 1921, the 12th merged with the 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) to form the 2nd Battalion, The Canterbury Regiment.

This changed again in June 1923 to The Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast Regiment.

During WW2, the 12th contributed to the following overseas Battalions of the 2NZEF:
- 20th Battalion - Briefly till the 5th October 1942.
- 23rd Battalion
- 26th Battalion
- 30th Battalion
- 37th Battalion

13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Infantry Regiment

Formed in 1911, the 13th (North Canterbury) Infantry Regiment, with Headquarters at Rangiora, it existed for just a year, before the Regiments title and badge were changed.
Below are the rarest of the New Zealand Infantry Badges.
The Cap badge was reportedly re-issued to local Cub and Scout groups at the time, and seems more common than the Collar badges.

- Above Right: A bi-metal, 3 piece, die stamped, gilt brass and white metal Cap badge to the 13th (North Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. It has a maker plaque to back to "J R Gaunt, London". Two copper looped lugs.
- Above Left: A semi-solid gilt and Silver (not marked) Cap badge to the 13th (North Canterbury) Infantry Regiment. Impressed to back to "J R Gaunt, London". Sadly its missing the top Silver feather over-lay to upper center. Two copper looped lugs to back.

- Above: A pair of scarce white metal and brass Collar badges to the 13th (North Canterbury) Infantry Regiment.
Note the right Collar has been re-painted with black paint to the feathers. This is how they would have looked, when first issued, but is not original. The left is as you find them now (if you can!).

In January 1912, the regiment change its title to the 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Infantry Regiment, and they adopted the below Cap and Collar badges until 1923 (in theory).

- Opposite: A gilt brass and white metal Cap badge to the 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Infantry Regiment. Maker plaque to "J R Gaunt London" to behind crown and with two copper looped lugs to back.
- Above: A matching pair of gilt brass and white metal Collar badges to the 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Infantry Regiment. Both have two D shaped copper looped lugs and a maker plaque to "J R Gaunt London".

- Opposite: A slight difference in crown to this unmarked Cap badge to the 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Infantry Regiment. Two D shaped copper looped lugs to back.
- Above: Like the Cap, these Collar badges are also unmarked to the 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Infantry Regiment. D shaped copper looped lugs to back.

In 1921, the 12th (Nelson & Marlborough) Infantry Regiment merged with the 13th to form the 2nd Battalion, The Canterbury Regiment.

This changed again in June 1923 to The Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast Regiment.

At time the combined badge opposite, was deeply unpopular with both Regiments, and they continued to wear the 12th (Nelson - not Nelson and Marlborough) and 13th (North Canterbury & Westland) badges.

After WW2, it was mandated that the Regiment (the 12th & 13th (Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast) Infantry Regiment) were to wear the new badge.

- Left: A die stamped gilt brass Cap badge to the 12th & 13th (Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast) Infantry Regiment. This is termed the "rough strike", but does not appear to have ever been issued with similar type collars. Two brass looped wire lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Opposite and Above: A gilt fired Kings Crowned Cap and Collar badge to 12th & 13th (Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast) Infantry Regiment.
Note the Collars are opposing, with the one worn on the left (depicting the Stag facing the same way as the Cap badge) being the hardest to get. All have looped lugs to back, with no maker mark.

- Opposite and Above: A gilt fired Queens Crowned (post 1952) Cap and Collar badge to 12th & 13th (Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast) Infantry Regiment.
All have looped lugs to back, with the maker impressed mark of "J R Gaunt London.

Interesting to note that there are no standard, die stamped, gilt brass Queens crown badges to this regiment. Possibly the rough strike Kings Crown brass badge was worn post 1952 for some length of period.
In 1964 the 12th & 13th (Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast) Infantry Regiment amalgamated with the Canterbury Regiment becoming the 2nd Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR). The badges were no longer worn from this date.

14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment.

The 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment Cap and Collar badges.
Formed in 1911, Headquarters were at Milton.

- Above: A darkened bronze Officers Cap badge to the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment. This is die stamped, with a hollow back. Two tangs or blades were to back, but have snapped off. No maker mark.

- Above: A gilt brass Cap badge to the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment. This is die stamped, with two copper looped lugs to back. Maker plaque to base to "J R Gaunt London"

- Above: A gilt brass Collar badge to the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment. This is die stamped, with two Copper D shaped lugs to back and a maker plaque of "J R Gaunt London". Right when worn, I am missing the left.

- Above: A pair of unmarked gilt brass Cap badges to the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment. Slight differences in the bird (Kia), and floral wreath. To back bot have different copper looped lugs. No maker mark.

- Above: A opposing pair of gilt Collar badges to the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment. Both are unmarked and have two copper looped lugs to back.

- Above: A unmarked Silver Collar badge to the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment. Two Silver loops to back, but no maker or hallmark.

- Opposite & Above: A matching set of non-void gilt brass Cap and Collar badges to the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment. Short copper looped lugs to back, with no maker mark.

The 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment merged with the 8th (Southland) Infantry Regiment in 1921 to become The Southland Regiment.

- Above: A WW1 image of a group of Officers and men of the 14th (South Otago) Infantry Regiment. All are wearing their Caps and Collars with their Lemon Squeezer. Sadly no names or date.

15th (North Auckland) Infantry Regiment.

The 15th (North Auckland) Cap and Collar Badges, which formed in 1911.
Headquarters were in Whangarei.

- Above: A darkened brass, Officers Cap badge to the 15th (North Auckland) Infantry Regiment, solid, with two tangs to back. Sadly one has broken off. Impressed to J R Gaunt of London to back.

- Above: A pair of non-matching darkened Collar badges to the 15th (North Auckland) Infantry Regiment.
The left is a die stamped darkened copper/bronze collar which has a Gaunt plaque to back.
To right is a solid to back Collar and impressed to "J R Gaunt London" to back.

- Opposite and Above: A die stamped, other ranks, gilt brass Cap and Collar set to the 15th (North Auckland) Infantry Regiment, with J R Gaunt plaques to back. All have a pair of D shaped copper looped lugs.

- Opposite: A die stamped, gilt brass Cap badge to the
- Above: A single gilt fired, semi-solid brass Collar badge to the 15th (North Auckland) Infantry Regiment. Impressed to back to "J R Gaunt London". Two D shaped looped lugs.

In 1921 the title of the regiment changed to The North Auckland Regiment.
During WW2, the 15th contributed to the following overseas Battalions of the 2NZEF:
- 18th Battalion - Breifly, until the 5 Oct 1942
- 21st Battalion
- 24th Battalion
- 29th Battalion

In 1951, the Regiment was renamed to the 15th (Northland) Infantry Regiment, and a Queens crown Cap and Collar badge were issued.

- Opposite and Above: A gilt fired Queens crown set of badges to the 15th (Northland) Infantry Regiment. A are solid to back, and impressed to back to "J R Gaunt London".

- Opposite: A gilt brass Cap badge to the 15th (Northland) Infantry Regiment. Two looped lugs to back, no maker mark.

The 15th (Northland) Infantry Regiment amalgamated with the Auckland Regiment in 1964 and became the 3rd Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR).

16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment.

The 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment Cap and Collar badges which formed in 1911.
Headquarters were in Hamilton.

- Above: A darkened brass Officers Cap badge to the 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment. Solid to back, and impressed to "J R Gaunt London". Two tangs or blades to back.

- Above: A gilt brass Officers Cap badge to the 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment. Solid to back, and impressed to "J R Gaunt London". Two tangs or blades to back.

- Above: A solid bronze Collar badge to the 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment. Two D shaped copper lugs in a East/West configuration to back, along with the impressed maker details for "J R Gaunt London".
- Right: Rare bi-metal Gilt fired brass and silver Cap badge to the 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment. Solid to back, with two long looped lugs. No maker mark.

Opposite & Above: A gilt brass Cap and opposing Collar badge pair to the 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment. All have a maker plaqued to back to "J R Gaunt London". All have Copper looped lugs to back.

Opposite & Above: A darkened brass Cap and opposing gilt Collar badge pair to the 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment. All have copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above: A gilt brass Cap badge to the 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment.
Note the non-voided crown and lack of fretting to lower banner.
To back is a brass slider, with a maker mark which has been scored out to back.

- Above: A Queens crown version of the to the 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment Cap badge. Solid to back, with two looped lugs. Maker impressed to back to "R F Senior Auckland" or Richard Fitzgerald Senior of Senior Badges Ltd (Alan Leitch Collection).

In 1921 the title of the regiment changed to The Waikato Regiment.
During WW2, the 16th contributed to the following overseas Battalions of the 2NZEF:
- 18th Battalion - Breifly, until the 5 Oct 1942
- 21st Battalion
- 24th Battalion
- 29th Battalion

The 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiment was absorbed into the 1st Armoured Regiment in 1950, and became the 2nd Armoured Squadron (Waikato) Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps.

17th (Ruahine) Infantry Regiment.

The 17th (Ruahine) Infantry Regiment.
The Ruahine existed as a Volunteer unit based around Wellington prior to 1911. Its members were absorbed into the four Wellington Area Regiments when the New Zealand Army was established in 1911.
In early 1914 approval was given to establish the 17th (Ruahine) Infantry Regiment.
Headqarters were based in Masterton.
Recruiting began, and its members boarded with the main body of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, when it left NZ's shores in October 1914. There is some doubts on whether the unit actually had a badge issued to them by this time.
In Egypt, the Sultan gifted the Regiment its first sets of badges as a thank you from the Egyptian nation. Issued to the men at the time, was the British Sun hat, and gift included a large badge to fit the hat. This is unique, as no other NZ Regiment was issued with a Sun hat badge.

- Top: Bronze Officers semi-solid Cap or Collar badge (they were worn as either).

- Above Left: Gilt Brass Other Ranks Sun Hat Helmet Badge. It has a small J R Gaunt plaque to center back.
- Above Right: Darkened Bronze, semi-solid Officers Sun Hat Helmet Badge, and again marked to J R Gaunt of London.
- Bottom Row: Gilt brass Cap or Collars to the 17th. All are J R Gaunt of London marked to back.

- Above: A bronze Officers 17th (Ruahine) Infantry Regiment Helmet badge attached to a piece of cardboard display panel which was purportedly a Gaunt sample, mounted in a frame. Someone had hacked this up, with the badges cut roughly into squares on their backing. What is interesting to note is the Gaunt stock number of "J2636" and the date "Nov 4/15" for 4th of November 1915? Confirming when this badge was made/available from?

- Above: A other ranks, sand cast 17th (Ruahine) Infantry Regiment Helmet badge. Manufactured in the middle east (most likely Egypt) while the regiment was stationed there, and passed through to other theaters of war. Correctly cast in copper looped lugs, with a Gaunt plaque also cast into the back. The original cast would have been taken from a other ranks, die stamped gilt brass badge.

- Above & Right: A Cap and Collar badge set in brass to the 17th (Ruahine) Infantry Regiment. What is unique about them is they have been brooched. There is much debate on whether Officers and some Men preferred to have this for easy of removal from their uniforms. These are all maker plaqued to "J R Gaunt London" to back, on the upper left of the wreath.

- Opposite: A WW1 era image of a unnamed Sergeant with his loved-one. Sadly no message to back other than the UK studio name of "Samuels Ltd, Photographers, 27 Piccadilly, 84 & 150 Strand, London".

Note the Cap badge worn to Lemon Squeezer and the fact that its the same sized as the Collars.

The regiment was absorbed into the 9th (Wellington East Coast) Infantry Regiment in 1921 and became the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment in 1923. In 1941 the 2nd Battalion of the 9th (Hawkes Bay) Infantry Regiment reformed into the 17th (Ruahine) Regiment and served with the 3rd New Zealand Division in the Pacific.

The Infantry Puggaree.

Top, Above & Opposite: A early puggaree to fit the Lemon Squeezer hat in the colours of the New Zealand Infantry. Khaki/Scarlet/Khaki. The scarlet appears to be a velvet like material, while the two strips of Khaki are Wool. It is folded side-on.
Opposite shows the faint "W (broadarrow) D" for the War Department in Black ink. Sadly the rest of the detail is too faint. Above shows the other side with a "6 3/4" in black ink and a "3" in purple. Someone has written "453" just after the purple 3 in pencil. British made/take on the NZ Pug?

Above & Opposite: A puggaree to fit the Lemon Squeezer hat in the colours of the New Zealand Infantry. Khaki/Scarlet/Khaki. This scarlet is like Khaki material, in wool. It is folded front-on.
Opposite shows the faint size of "6 7/8" in purple ink. Note the lining is a much paler colour than the one above. No other marks, but it looks to have come in contact with rain and water, and the scarlet has leaked through from the other side.

Above & Opposite: A puggaree to fit the Lemon Squeezer hat in the colours of the New Zealand Infantry. Khaki/Scarlet/Khaki.
Marked to inside to 332213 Ramsey H.G. , with size in purple ink to "7 7/8".
The Infantry Puggaree was worn prior to WW1 and up to 1966 by the New Zealand Infantry, New Zealand Rifle Brigade, New Zealand Machine Gun Corps and New Zealand Pioneer Battalion.

- Opposite: A puggaree to fit the Lemon Squeezer hat in the colours of the Home Service branch of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, worn from 1917. Khaki/Black/Khaki. Not marked and well worn/dirty.
It is folded side-on.

The New Zealand Rifle Brigade

The New Zealand Rifle Brigade was formed in early 1915 as a desire to further contribute to New Zealand's current (at the time) War effort. It would be a whole new Regiment, with 4 battalions and associated reinforcements.
Nicknamed "The Dinks", they were disbanded on the 4th of Feb 1919 in the UK.

Opposite: A British made set of Cap Badge and/or Collar to the New Zealand Rifle Brigade. All maker plaqued to "J R Gaunt, London". They were issued with a painted black finish, which over the years has either usually polished off or worn. Note the wavy banner to top, which is associated with the 4 Ballation's badges worn overseas and in the field.

- Above: A single, bronze Officers Collar Badge to the New Zealand Rifle Brigade. Maker plaqued to back to "J R Gaunt, London".

- Above: Variations to the manufacture of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade Cap and/or Collar Badge. None are maker marked, but show differences in size, design of lion, banner and motto.

- Above: These are New Zealand made, and not maker marked to the NZRB. They were private purchase items, which the soldier could purchase and wear while training. Its the type also encountered in the center of their Reinforcement badges. Note the straight banner. Lots of variation in Lion, tail etc...

- Above: Both badges are the sand cast types to the NZRB, possible made in the Middle East as the troops arrived initially in Egypt, before then moving on to the UK, France and the Western Front.

- Above Left: A fixed shank 23mm NZRB Button - maker marked to "Firmin & Sons Ld, Halesowen".
- Above Right: A fixed shank 17mm NZRB Button - maker marked to "Firmin & Sons LD, Halesowen".

- Above: When stocks were not available of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade Button, British Rifle Brigade buttons were worn.
- Top Left: A fixed shank 23mm British Rifle Brigade Button - maker marked to "Firmin & Sons LD, Halesowen".
- Top Right: A fixed shank 23mm British Rifle Brigade Button (note the "RB" to front)- No maker mark.
- Bottom: A fixed shank 16mm British Rifle Brigade Button - No maker mark.

- Above: Black bone buttons to the New Zealand Rifle Brigade.
- Left: A fixed shank 23mm NZRB Button - maker marked to "Jas Grove & Sons, Halesowen".
- Right: A fixed shank 23mm NZRB Button - maker marked to "Grove & Sons, Halesowen".

- Above Left: A fixed shank 23mm NZRB Button. No maker mark, but to back is a circular ridge.
- Above Right: A fixed shank 17mm NZRB Button. No maker mark, but to back is a circular ridge.

- Above: A piece of trench art? MG/NZRB so Machine Gun New Zealand Rifle Brigade. Maker marked to " J R Gaunt, London" to back of title.

- Above: Darkened brass shoulder titles to the New Zealand Rifle Brigade.
- Left: A pair of "J R Gaunt, London" maker marked shoulder titles. Hex type lugs to back.
- Right Top: A maker marked shoulder title to "Tiptaft B'ham". Looped lugs to back
- Right Bottom: A maker marked shoulder title to "Stokes & Sons". This Australian made title has looped lugs to back and stippling between the letters at the front, which is a feature of this manufacturer.

- Above: A pair of straight Officer titles to the New Zealand Rifle Brigade. Top is a smaller hand cut version, with brooch fitting to back. Bottom is a full size, hand cut darkened shoulder title, with two looped lugs to back.
Both are not maker marked.

- Above: More examples of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade shoulder titles. Just showing variations. in make, size and shape. The bottom title is cast brass.

- Above: A WW1 issued leather Holster to 44565 2nd Lieutenant Arnold Thomson. Arnold was served with the 2nd Battalion of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade.

- Above: Same Holster, but with a picture of the back, complete with cleaning rod for the Pistol. Note the leather flap has been modified and cut down to a single, narrow strap.

- Above: Arnold marked his holster with his details to back.
- Opposite: Arnold was originally from Dunedin, but moved to Hawera, in the North Island of New Zealand, and was a qualified Solicitor.
He sadly died of wounds on the 27th of August 1918, aged 32. He is buried at Bagneux British Cemetery, Gezaincourt, Somme in France.
The photo shows him wearing a 28th Reinforcement Cap badge to his Lemon Squeezer.

WW1 Service Chevrons.

Permission was given in September 1918 for all overseas serving troops to wear a chevron on their right arm.
A red coloured chevron for service before or on the 31st of December 1914, and a blue chevron for every 12 months of service on or after the 1st of January 1915.
The red chevron was to be worn below any blue.
Size: 1/4 inch (6.35mm) by 1 1/4 inch (31.75mm)
The chevron was to be worn on the uniform, but NOT on the greatcoat. It could also be worn by retired or ex-officers and ex-soldiers on civilian clothes.

- Opposite: A WW1 4 year service chevron in dark blue on khaki wool backing.

WW2 Service Chevrons.

During ww2, permission was given in 1944 for all 2NZEF overseas serving troops to wear a chevron on their right arm.
It was to be worn 4 inches or 100mm above the bottom of the cuff.
The colour this time would be red chevron for every 12 months of service from the 3rd of September 1939.

Like the WW1 version, they were not to be worn on the Greatcoat, and also not on the tropical uniform, i.e. Pacific theater of War.

- Opposite: A selection of WW2 4 year service chevron in red on a khaki backing. Note the left set, which are printed on canvas material as a economy measure.

New Zealand Onwards Badge

The New Zealand Onwards badge could probably have its own book written on it.
Its history is very complicated and dates pre-WW1 with its connection to the Royal Naval Ship HMS New Zealand.
During the outbreak of WW1, the British Section of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force formed in England. For many years, people attributed a Oak leafed version of the Onwards badge to this very small force of about 200 men in 1914. Reality is, it probably is just a manufacturers variation, whereby the fern's fronds look more "oak leaf" like than fern. What does appear is grainy pictures of the time is that they wore a small badge on their hats. More collar size in proportion.
A mate recently showed me a 1916 dated photo of a group of three soldiers at a Convalescence Home in England, with one appearing to wear a NZ "Onwards" badge. A private purchase item?
During WW2, the "Onwards" badge was adopted by all overseas service personnel outside New Zealand. Initially, the early echelons went with their Infantry and Corps badges, but by 1941, this had been "phased out".
All home serving, New Zealand troops were permitted to still wear their units badge.

- Above: A darkened bronze, semi-solid Officers New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Note the wide, voided Kings crown to top. Two copper looped lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A darkened bronze, semi-sold Officers New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two tangs to back, which have been folded over to creat prongs. No maker mark.
- Above Right: A darkened bronze, die stamped Officers New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two tangs to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A darkened brass, semi-sold Officers New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Slider to back. No maker mark.
- Above Right: A darkened bronze, semi-sold Officers New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Slider to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A die stamp, New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Gilt brass, with slider to back. Note the "oak leaf" border. No maker mark.
- Above Right: What appears to be a cast New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Gilt brass, with two long looped lugs to back. Again with the "oak leaf" border. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A die stamped, gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. This has the maker plaque to behind crown of "J R Gaunt London" and two copper D shaped looped lugs to back.
- Above Right: A die stamped, gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two copper looped lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A variation. This Cap badge has a wide frame, similar to the New Zealand 34th Reinforcement Draft Cap badge. But instead of "Expeditionary Force" in the lower banner, its has "Onwards". Gilt brass, die stamped, it has two D shaped copper looped to back. No maker mark.
- Above Right: A wide voided crown, gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Cap Badge. Two D shaped copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above Left: A darkened brass, die stamped New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two copper wire looped to back. No maker mark.
- Above Right:A darkened copper, die stamped New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two copper wire looped to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A gilt brass, die stamped New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two thick copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark. Missing tip of crown.
- Above Right: A gilt brass, die stamped New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two thick copper looped lugs to back, but again no maker mark.

Above Left: A gilt brass, die stamped New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two thick copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark. The "NZ" may have been polished as there is little detail.
Above Right: A gilt brass, die stamped New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Two thin copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above Left: A die stamped, gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Maker marked to lower back on either side to "M & K W" for Mayer & Kean, Wellington and "NZ 45" for New Zealand and 1945. Note the rounded "NZ" to front, which is a feature of Mayer and Kean made Onwards Badges. Two copper wire looped lugs to back.
- Above Right: Another Mayer and Kean made New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. This just has "M & K W" to the bottom left (when viewed from the back. There is no date to this badge.

- Above Left: A gilt brass, die stamped New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. This has a long slider to back which has been stamped to "J R Gaunt London". It has a extra piece of wire soldered to back, between the crown and wreath for strengthening.
- Above Right: a similar, gilt brass, die stamped New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Again a long slider to back with the strengthening wire end just seent to the right of the base of the crown. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A cast brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. This has a short, brass slider to back and is somewhat smaller than the die stamped badge beside it. No maker mark.
- Above Right: A die stamped, gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. A wide, short brass slider to back . No maker mark.

- Opposite Left: A cast brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. This has a rounded copper slider to back, which has been sharpened to a point. A wire has been soldered to base of slider and behind the crown to reinforce the badge. No maker mark.

Above Right: A cast brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge. Again, a rounded copper slider to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge with its Black backing. Worn on the General Setvice Cap, from July 1944 with the above colour for all units of the 2NZEF other than Armoured Corps & 22nd Motor Battalion (Red) & Divisional Cavalry (Green). The Cap has two wire looped lugs to back and its split pin. No maker marks.

- Above: A darkened brass New Zealand Onwards Cap badge with a original cardboard stiffiner. This backing, would go inside a hat like a General Service Cap, and allow the front peak of the hat to "stand", instead of flop forward. Two copper looped lugs to back, with its split-pin, but no maker mark.

The following are just some of the variations of the New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. This issue is not of scarcity, but rather trying to find a matching pair in terms of detail and finish to front and the different types of lugs to back.

- Opposite Left: A matching pair (vertical) of darkened bronze Officer New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Both are solid to back, curved and have the maker mark impressed to "J R Gaunt London". Both have D shaped copper lugs.

- Opposite Top Right: A darkened bronze Officer New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. Solid to back, with a curved void to back of crown. Two D shaped copper looped lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Opposite Bottom Right: A darkened bronze Officer New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. Solid to back, with two D shaped copper looped lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Oak like fonds to wreath, these both have two D shaped copper lugs to back, with a impressed maker mark of "Tiptaft Bham".
- Above Top Right: A gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. Again Oak like fonds to wreath, with D shaped copper lugs to back. No maker mark.
- Above Bottom Right: A gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. Two hex type flat brass lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A near matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Both have maker the maker plaque of "J R Gaunt London". The top is brooched, while the bottom has two D shaped copper looped lugs.
- Above Right: A matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Two D shape copper looped lugs to back of each, but no maker mark.

- Above Left: A near matching pair (vertical) of gilt and darkened brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Solid to back, with two D shaped copper loops to back. No maker mark.
- Above Right: A matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Solid to back, with two D shaped copper loops to back. No maker mark. Note the rounded wreath.

- Above Left: A matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Die stamped, these have copper wire loopes to back. Both are marker marked to "M & K W, 43" for Mayer and Kean Wellington, 1943.
- Above Right: A matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. These have been coated with black paint to subdue their finish. Two thick copper wire looped lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Die stamped, with two hex type brass lugs to back. No maker mark.
- Above Right: A near matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Die stamped, with two thick copper wire loops to back. One collar is a tad darker than the other.

- Above Left: A matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Die stamped, with copper wire lugs to back. No maker mark.
- Above Right: A matching pair (vertical) of gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badges. Die stamped, with two hex type, brass lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Opposite: Odds, with no matching mate.
- Top Left: A darkened brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. It has two small brass lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Top Right: A darkened copper New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. It has two copper hex flat lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Bottom Left: A gilt brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. It has two pressed type brass lugs to back. No maker mark but looks Mayer and Kean of Wellington with the rounded "NZ".

- Bottom Right: A cast brass New Zealand Onwards Collar badge. It has two copper lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A WW2 era New Zealand Army Side Hat, with Brass Onwards badge to side. This was worn by all overseas serving troops. Within New Zealand they were permitted to wear their unit or corps badge to side.

- Above: Front of the same Side Hat, showing the Brass 12mm buttons to front. Both are flexible shanked, J R Gaunt of London marked to back.

- Above: On the indie of the hat is a separately sewn in label for size. This has not been used, and a large "6 7/8" has been written on the side.

- Above: A oval "N" Broadarrow "Z", "Military Forces" stamp is the only other markings inside the liner of the hat.

- Above: Another WW2 example of the New Zealand Army Side Hat. Again with a NZ Onwards Cap badge to side, and "New Zealand Forces" Buttons to front. The 12mm Buttons are not maker marked and are fixed shank.

- Above: Inside the same Side Hat is a pre-printed size label of "7 1/4". This seem to have been un-readable as it has been dune in pen in larger numbers. Named to 12778 P Keenan. Sadly Patrick Henry Keenan was killed on the 28th of Nov 1941 in North Africa. He was part of the 26th (Canterbury and Otago) Battalion.

- Above: The General Service Cap or "GS" was introduced to the 2NZEF from July 1944, to be worn in the Italian campaign. Above is a superb, well worn example of a GS Cap, with correct black backing behind a slightly oxidised Onwards Cap badge.

- Above: The same hat, showing the padded inside and the badges added proudly by the previous owner. Behind the Onwards badge, inside is just the word "Dad".

- Above: Top shot of the GS Cap. This example has a cellophane layer, sewn between the khaki wool exterior and padded interior. It makes a crinkly noise when handled. Presumably added to waterproof the hat when worn.

- Above: Inside sadly is a very faint maker black ink stamp, with a top size of "7 #/8", a "Ltd" and a date at the base of "1943".

- Above: Another New Zealand General Service Cap or "GS". Different colour khaki to the other above, this has a Black material diamond sewn to front. There is no holes in it or the Cap inside, so it looks like a badge has never been worn to front.

- Above: a base view of the GS. Note the two vent holes, which are further appart on this example.

- Above: A top view of the GS. This hat has no cellephane liner.

- Above: The inside of the hat is marked in black ink to "N.Z. (broadarrow) D.)" There is also a faint name and service number in ink.

- Opposite: A pair of brooched sweethearts badges, probably made in the Pacific theater.

- Left: A aluminium and Tortoiseshell collar size "Onwards" badge, with brass brooch fitting to back. Not maker marked.

- Right: A full sized, gilt brass "Onwards" Cap badge which has had its lugs clipped off, and is mounted on Tortoiseshell. Silver wash has been applied, and lower banner ground down, for I presume a name to be engraved. Brass brooch fitting to back and with no maker mark.

At some stage in the 1950's the New Zealand Army re-introduced the Onwards badge for Ceremonial occasions, to be worn on the Lemon-squeezer on a red puggaree (cloth hat band). This was to be worn by the Honor Guard, which meet visiting dignitaries and heads of state.

- Above: Initially Honor Guard badges post 1952 are actually King Crowned badges, which have had the crown removed and a Queens Crown soldered in place. A short brass slider to back, with no maker mark.

- Above: A gilt metal Onwards Cap badge with Queens Crown. Semi-solid to back, with two long screw posts to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A gilt metal Onwards Cap badge with Queens Crown. Semi-solid to back, with two gilt metal loops to back. No maker mark.

- Opposite: A pair of matching gilt metal, solid backed Onwards collars badges. Pin and Clutch fastener fittings to back, with no maker mark.

- Above: A New Zealand Officer Cadets Belt Buckle. This pattern was introduced in 1976, and re-introduced the Kings Crown Onwards Badge, which was "on loan" from the 2nd NZEF (1939 to 45) and J Force (1946/47). Maker marked to back to "Hobson & Sons (London) Ltd".

- Above: A current version of the New Zealand Officer Cadets Belt Buckle. To center is a Queens crown Onwards badge. This slightly worn example has no maker mark.

Overseas Infantry Battalion Formation Patches of WW1

The following formation patches were worn on the Western Front by the New Zealand Infantry formations:
1st New Zealand Infantry Brigade - all patches were worn on the the Service Dress tunic and greatcoat, on the back, to center, just below the collar.
- Brigade Headquarters - wore a Black square worn as a diamond.

- Above: 1st Battalion Auckland Regiment - wore a Black square with a vertical Red stripe to center. Size roughly 50mm by 50mm.

- Above: A similar 1st Battalion Auckland Regiment (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 1st Battalion Wellington Regiment - wore a Black square with a vertical Yellow stripe to center. Note the ribbon type to the right, which appears a variation (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 1st Battalion Canterbury Regiment - wore a Black square with a diamond, half Blue and Red (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 1st Battalion Otago Regiment - wore a Black square with a diamond, half Yellow and Blue (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 1st Battalion Otago Regiment - a variation in colour.

2nd New Zealand Infantry Brigade - worn the same.
- Brigade Headquarters - Black square.

- Above: 2nd Battalion Auckland Regiment - wore a Black square with a Red diamond to center. Two slight variations in colour to center (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 2nd Battalion Wellington Regiment - wore a Black square with a Yellow diamond to center (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 2nd Battalion Canterbury Regiment - wore a Black square with a diamond, half Red over Blue (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 2nd Battalion Otago Regiment - wore a Black square with a diamond, half Blue over Yellow (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 2nd Battalion Otago Regiment - a variation in colour (Ian Hamilton Collection).

3rd New Zealand Infantry Brigade (New Zealand Rifle Brigade) - Worn on both sleeves, 1 1/2 inches below the shoulder strap.
- Brigade Headquarters - Black 8 pointed star.
- 1st Battalion - NZRB - Black square worn as a diamond.
- 2nd Battalion - NZRB - Black square.
- 3rd Battalion - NZRB - Black triangle, widest part at base.
- 4th Battalion - NZRB - Black triangle, widest part at top, so upside down.

- Opposite: A group of different Black felt patches to the 3rd NZ Infantry Brigade, the New Zealand Rifle Brigade (Ian Hamilton Collection).

4th New Zealand Infantry Brigade - worn on the the Service Dress tunic and greatcoat, on the back, to center, just below the collar.

- Above: 3rd Battalion Auckland Regiment - wore a Red square with a vertical Black stripe to center. Above are two variations (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 3rd Battalion Wellington Regiment - wore a Yellow square with a vertical Black stripe to center (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 3rd Battalion Canterbury Regiment - wore a Blue square with a vertical Red stripe to center. Above are two variations (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 3rd Battalion Otago Regiment - wore a Blue square with a vertical Yellow stripe to center (Ian Hamilton Collection).

New Zealand Infantry Reserve
In July 1916 all Infantry Reserves were grouped as follows:

- 3rd (Reserve) Battalion - Auckland-Wellington Regiment - Wore a Blue diamond on each sleeve, below the shoulder strap.

- 3rd (Reserve) Battalion - Canterbury-Otago Regiment - Wore a Red diamond on each sleeve, below the shoulder strap.

- 5th (Reserve) Battalion - New Zealand Rifle Brigade - Wore a Black diamond on each sleeve, below the shoulder strap.

These were worn in the UK, were the reserve was stationed.

- Opposite: Coloured diamond patches to the 3rd (Reserve) Battalion - Auckland-Wellington Regiment (blue) and 3rd (Reserve) Battalion - Canterbury-Otago Regiment (Red) (Ian Hamilton Collection).

4th (Reserve) Battaion New Zealand Infantry - in March 1917, the above 3rd (Reserve) was re-titled the 4th (Reserve) Battalion. They wore the following:

- Above: 4th (Reserve) Battalion Auckland Regiment - wore a Red square with a Black diamond to center (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 4th (Reserve) Battalion Wellington Regiment - wore a Yellow square with a Black diamond to center (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 4th (Reserve) Battalion Canterbury Regiment - wore a Red square with a vertical Blue stripe to center (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: 4th (Reserve) Battalion Otago Regiment - wore a Yellow square with a vertical Blue stripe to center (Ian Hamilton Collection).

The New Zealand Light Trench Mortar Batteries - From April 1916, the New Zealand Light Trench Mortar Batteries were added to the Infantry Brigades. They were re-organised in September that year. On the 15th of October 1917, as per General Order 416, they were permitted to wear a formation patch. Batteries no. 1, no. 2 and no. 4 were permitted to wear it center back of tunic, just below the collar. Battery no. 3 wore it on the sleeves, 1 1/2 inches below the shoulder strap.

- Opposite: No. 1 New Zealand Light Trench Mortar Battery - Yellow circle on a Black square (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: No. 2 New Zealand Light Trench Mortar Battery - Grey circle on a Black square (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: No. 3 New Zealand Light Trench Mortar Battery - Green circle on a Black square (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: No. 3 New Zealand Light Trench Mortar Battery - Variation in colour (Ian Hamilton Collection).

- Above: No. 4 New Zealand Light Trench Mortar Battery - Blue circle on a Black square (Ian Hamilton Collection).

Pacific Battalion Formation Patches of WW2

A system of distinguishing colour patches were worn by the 3rd NZ Division of the 2NZEF in the pacific theater of war. They were attached to the puggaree and worn on the right hand side of the Lemon Squeezer.
Initial patches were WW1 like, and made from felt. But due to high humidity, this did not last and cotton material was later used to fabricate them, which lasted longer.
Battalion colours were as follows:
- 29th Battalion - Red Square on Black (see below).
- 30th Battalion - Yellow Square on Black.
- 34th Battalion (opposite - pictured left) - Blue/Yellow Square on Black.

- 35th Battalion (above - pictured right) - Red/Yellow Square on Black.
- 36th Battalion - Yellow and Black Square, halved (see below).
- 37th Battalion Blue/Red Square on Black.
The two patches I have pictured are roughly 45mm by 45mm.
The 3rd Division of the 2NZEF was operational from October 1942 to its disbandment in October 1944. Its members were either sent back to NZ or used to reinforce the 2nd Division fighting in Italy.

- Above: A association pin to the 29th Battalion, with Red Square on Black. Roughly 10mm by 10mm in size, in enamel and brass, with a long pin to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A set of association pin to the 36th Battalion, with Yellow and Black square. The small are roughly 7mm by 7mm, while the larger is 10mm by 10mm in size. All are enamel and brass, with a long pin to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A unknown association pin. It came will a group of other New Zealand pins, but as you can see, is not the correct shape or colours for the 37th Battalion as mentioned in the books. Chromed brass, with enamel to center. Long pin to back, with no maker mark. 12mm by 9mm.

The 2nd Division of the 2NZEF formed to Divisional size with the group forces sent from New Zealand. These groups were called "Echelons", with the 1st Echelon entering camp in October 1939, and left New Zealand on the 5th of Jan, arriving in Egypt on the 12th of Feb 1940. The 2nd Echelon was diverted to the United Kingdom, while at sea, due to Italy's entry into the war. It arrived on the 16th of June 1940.
The 3rd Echelon reached Egypt on the 27th of October 1940.
The 2nd Division saw action in Greece, Crete, the Western Desert and Italy.
It was part of:
- British 8th Army

- British XIII Corps - its formation patch is pictured top left (printed version of a leaping Gazelle) and bottom row (embroidered versions - note the Gazelles were worn opposing on either shoulder).

- British XXX Corps - its formation patch is pictured top right (printed version of a leaping Boar).

The New Zealand Regiment

The 1st Battalion of the New Zealand Regiment was formed on the 9th of Jan 1947.
It was initially a single Infantry regiment, with multiple reserve regiments, but over time it evolved into what is now the modern day Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (R.N.Z.I.R).

- Above: A rare, three piece, gilt brass, silver, enamel with felt backing Officers Cap badge to the New Zealand Regiment. Two long looped copper lugs to back, and maker marked in raised letters to back to "J R Gaunt London".

- Above: A single piece, gilt brass other ranks Cap badge to the New Zealand Regiment. Two copper wire looped lugs to back with the maker mark of "M & K LTD, WGTN. N.Z." for Mayer and Kean Limited, Wellington New Zealand.

- Above: A gilt fired brass, solid backed Cap badge to the New Zealand Regiment. Small than the above types and different style. Two long looped to back, but No maker mark.

- Above: Gilt fired brass, solid backed Collar badges to the New Zealand Regiment. These collars are opposing, worn with the Kiwi facing inwards. They are the same size as the opposite Cap, but have two D shaped looped lugs to back. They are not maker marked.

- Above: A side-on back shot of the three above badges to show the difference between the Cap and the Collar badges in terms of lug size. Otherwise they are the same size and form to front.
- Opposite: A rare Stirling Silver Sweethearts badge to the New Zealand Regiment. Same size as the above badges, it is not hallmarked, and has a brooch fitting to back with a ball catch.

- Opposite: Referred to as the 'rough strike" these Cap and Collars are die stamped gilt brass to the New Zealand Regiment, though there is a range in tones and colours, which ocurrs with time and storage. Both the Cap and right Collar (when worn) are the same, i.e. no difference in lug length to back. Copper wire looped lugs to back, with no maker mark.

- Above Left: A gilt brass 19mm fixed shank button to the New Zealand Regiment, with Kings Crown. Maker marked to back to "Gaunt London".
- Above Right: A Silver toned anodised aluminium 17mm fixed shank button to the New Zealand Regiment, with Queens Crown. Maker marked to back to "Gaunt London".

- Opposite: A large blazer badge to the New Zealand Regiment, with Kings Crown. Maker marked to back to "Gold Lacemen & Embroiderers, A R Fabb Bros Ltd, Maidenhead, Berks".

- Above: A gilt fired, Queens Crown, silver and enamel Cap badge to the New Zealand Regiment. Two pressed type looped lugs to back, along with a piece of dark red felt backing. No maker mark.

- Above: A other ranks, Queens Crown silver tone, anodised aluminium Cap badge to the New Zealand Regiment. Single piece, it has two looped lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Opposite: A Queens crown, enamel and gilt brass veterans association badge to the New Zealand Regiment. It has a "II" to base, which I presume signifies the 2nd Battalion. This may have had a button-hole fitting to back, but now has two lugs, soldered in a East/West configuration.
No maker mark.

- Above: A some stage in the 1950's the New Zealand Army adopted the Ski Cap as a headdress. Not popular, it had a short life. Above is a somewhat sun-bleached Cap, with a Queens crown anodised aluminium Cap badge to the New Zealand Regiment to front.

- Above: A top view of the same hat, with leather chin-strap and black plastic "New Zealand Forces" 4 star buttons to either side.

- Opposite: Same hat, with the ear flaps down. They are held in place with two poppers either side. Note the cloth ribbon chin strap which is on either side.
- Above: The interior of the hat, with a cellulite top liner and thin leather sweatband. No maker mark, but there is a paper size label of 7 1/2.

In 1964, all existing New Zealand Infantry Regiments became Battalions of the New Zealand Regiment.
It was also the year that it was awarded the prefix "Royal" to its title.
This meant the change of badge too.

- Above: A 2 piece, 4 tone, anodised aluminium Cap badge to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR). Long pins to back, to be used with clutches. No maker mark.

- Above: A 2 piece, 4 tone, anodised aluminium Cap badge to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR). Two Aluminium looped lugs to back. They come either maker marked to "J R Gaunt Bham" in raised letters to back, or not marked at all.

- Opposite: A cast metal and hand painted Helmet Plate Badge to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment's Band. They wore these on Home Service Style British helmets. The badge has two looped lugs to back and is numbered "56" in pen to back. Roughly 81mm x 62mm
- Above: A pair of 2 piece anodised aluminium Collars to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment. Note opposing Kiwi's. These collars are getting harder to find and are associated with New Zealand's service in Vietnam. They have pin fittings to back, and are very prone to breaking, so finding a complete opposing set is getting nearly impossible.

- Above: The current version of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment's Cap badge, but in bullion for Officers, to be worn on a Beret. No maker mark to back.

- Above: A modern version of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment's Cap badge in 2 piece metal, with enamel to center. No maker mark to back. The above left has a metal bar to back which is folded at the ends to form lugs. I have noted that a few of the right have appeared over the years, and just appear to be the center of the badge, which has come away from its silver metal backing.

- Above: A modern version of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment's Cap badge in 2 piece metal, with enamel to center. No maker mark to back, with two screw posts. The center on this badge has been riveted (twice) to the backing plate to presumable resolve the above issue.

- Above Left: A opposing pair of gilt fired brass and Silver plate Collar badges to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment. These are two piece, with separate handle to the bayonet. Two pins to back (to be used with clutches), no maker mark.
- Above Center: A opposing pair of anodised aluminium Collar badges to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment. These are two tone, with aluminium looped lugs to back. Maker marked in raised letters to "J R Gaunt London"
- Above Right: A opposing pair of two tone metal Collar badges to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment. These have pins to back to be used with clutches. No maker mark, but someone has engraved "L" and "R" to the back of each for Left and Right.

- Opposite Left: A silver toned, anodised aluminium, 25mm, fixed shank button to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment. Maker marked to back to "Gaunt London".
- Opposite Right: A silver toned, anodised aluminium, 18mm, fixed shank button to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment. Maker marked to back to "Gaunt London".

- Above: The standard post 1961 issued shoulder title to the New Zealand Regiment in White letters on a Post Office Red background.

- Opposite: Post 1964 shoulder titles to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (R.N.Z.I.R). The 4 title show variations in wear and tear, hence the colours, but there are also differences in letters and size.

- Above: Made, but not issued. A two titled shoulder title to the Royal New Zealand Infantry Corps, New Zealand Regiment. These were made around 1964 when all other existing Infantry Regiments became part of the New Zealand Regiment. It is also when the New Zealand Regiment received its "Royal" Prefix.

National Military Reserve

Formed in late 1938, the National Military Reserve (NMR) was a reserve force for the Territorial Army, which was to be called up in times of emergency.
They were issued and wore obsolete uniforms and webbing, but were also issued with badges which originated from 1911, yet had been made obsolete due to amalamations of Regiments after the Great War, in the 1920's.
Recorded "re-issue" of badges are as follows:
- Northern Military District - wore the badge of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade (the NZRB disbanded in 1919).
- Central Military District - wore the badge of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade (the NZRB disbanded in 1919).
(noted in New Zealand Army Distingushed Patches 1911-1991 - Page 61 by M Thomas & C Lord, "It was also mentioned that due to stocks of the right-hand collar badges of the NZ Rifle Brigade being limited, when exhausted, it would be necessary for the left-hand collar badge to be worn on both sides of the collar and also the cap badge").
- Southern Military District - the following units wore the 2nd (South Canterbury) Infantry Cap badge (the 2nd's were absorbed into the 1st (Canterbury) Infantry Regiment in 1921):
      - 3rd Battalion, Christchurch NMR
      - 15th Coy, Nelson NMR
      - 16th Coy, Blenheim & Picton NMR
      - 18th Coy, Timaru NMR
The following Southern Military District unit also wore the 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Infantry Regiment (in 1923, the 12th (Nelson & Marlborough) Infantry Regiment merged with the 13th to form the 12th & 13th (Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast) Infantry Regiment).
      - 17th Coy, Greymouth & Westport NMR
and the following wore the 10th (North Otago) Infantry Regiment Cap Badge (the 10th was abosrbed into the 4th (Otago) Infantry Regiment in 1921).
      - 4th Battalion, Dunedin NMR
      - 19th Coy, Oamaru NMR
      - 20th Coy, Invercargill NMR

WW2 Home Guard Badges

During WW2, New Zealand looked to defend its shores against possible invasion from Japan. Many of the veterans from WW1 re-enlisted to do their bit again, but were by this stage in their late 40's, early 50's.
To old to be sent overseas, they instead formed the New Zealand National Military Reserve or local Home Guard Units.
Some of the old Soldiers had served in the New Zealand Rifle Brigade during WW1. So some of the Home Guard units adopted their old badge in WW2 as homage to their old unit.

- Above: A WW2 New Zealand Onwards badge frame, with a WW1 New Zealand Rifle Brigade Cap (or Collar - worn as either) badge worn by some Home Guard units. The lugs to back of the NZRB badge have been removed. The Onwards badge has two copper wire looped lugs. No maker mark.

- Above: A similar WW2 New Zealand Onwards badge frame, with a WW1 New Zealand Rifle Brigade Cap badge worn by some Home Guard units. Slight variations in the Lion to center, with a straight pennant to top. The Onwards badge has two thick copper looped lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above Left: - The standard New Zealand Home Guard Cap badge in gilt brass. Two copper wire looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.
- Above Right: A less common version of the New Zealand Home Guard badge. This has been cut down, with the two interconnecting bars removed. Gilt brass, with copper wire looped lugs. No maker mark.

- Above: Same again, but this time maker marked. Both have copper wire loops to back. One in gilt brass, the other in darkened brass. Both have the maker mark of "M & K, W" or Mayer and Kean, Wellington. to back of top bar.

- Opposite: A WW2 era New Zealand Home Guard pin or lapel badge in white metal. I presume this is to signify a persons membership to the organisation while in Civilian dress. A brooch fitting to back. No maker mark.

Shoulder Titles.

New Zealand Forces have always worn a form of unit or national shoulder title, either in brass or cloth.

- Opposite: A Pair of darkened Bronze Officers shoulder titles. Not maker mark, but two D shaped looped copper lugs to each.

- Opposite Top: Early New Zealand gilt brass shoulder tiles worn by New Zealand Forces. Both are marked to back to "J R Gaunt, London", and have D shaped, copper looped lugs to back.

- Opposite Bottom: A rare pair of "Battalion" shoulder titles to the Auckland Battalion (made up of companies from the 3rd (Auckland), 6th (Hauraki), 15th (North Auckland), 16th (Waikato) Infantry Regiments). These Battalion strength units made up the "Main Body" of men which left in October 1914. Titles to the NZ/Wellington, NZ/Canterbury and NZ/Otago Battalions also exist but are rare and command high prices.
In April 1916, New Zealand Overseas forces were greatly expanded after Gallipoli, for deployment in Egypt/Middle East and France/Belgium to Divisional strength.

- Opposite: New Zealand National shoulder titles in cast Brass. Two flat brass loops have been cast into the back of each. Not much information is available on these other than inferences that these are probably private purchase items from the middle east and date from WW1. Sold by enterprising Egyptians to NZ troops stationed there or passing through.
There are other countries titles, for example "AUSTRALIA", which comman huge prices.

- Above: A Volunteer or Pre-WW1 pair of shoulder titles to the New Zealand Rifles. D shaped copper looped lugs to back, but no maker mark.

- Above: Again a Volunteer or Pre-WW1 selection of shoulder titles to the New Zealand Rifles. The top are a matching pair, while the bottom is slightly larger and different design. All have copper looped lugs to back and no maker mark.

- Above: Three National titles in brass. Notably they have a large "dot" between the N and Z. Top left and bottom are maker marked to back to "Tiptaft Bham". Purpose unknown.

- Above: A selection of "NZ" national titles. Top left has brass lugs, while bottom left is cast brass. Center has D shaped lugs to back, while the right pair have hex type brass lugs to back. Purpose unknown.

The following is a selection of the curved New Zealand Rifles (N.Z.R) title. Much variation, as this title was worn prior to WW1 and well into the 1930's.

- Above Top: A brass NZR shoulder title with two copper D shaped lugs to back. No maker mark.
- Above Base: A brass NZR shoulder title with two copper D shaped lugs to back. Maker mark to "TIFTAFT".

- Above: A matching pair of brass NZR shoulder titles. Both have two hex type brass lugs to back. Maker marked to "J R Gaunt London".

- Above: A matching pair of brass NZR shoulder titles. Both have two hex type brass lugs to back. Not maker marked, but likely J R Gaunt of London. They sometimes didn't mark their badges.

- Above: A locally made pair of brass NZR shoulder titles. These look hand cut, with both having two copper wire loops to back. Note there are no lines to front, to delimit the letters. No maker mark.

- Above Top: A brass NZR shoulder title with two brass wire lugs to back. No maker mark.
- Above Base: A brass NZR shoulder title with two thin hex type lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above Top: A brass NZR shoulder title with two long intergrated lugs to back. No maker mark.
- Above Base: A brass NZR shoulder title with two hex type brass lugs to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A darkened bronze NZR shoulder title with two copper D shaped lugs to back. Maker marked to "Stokes & Sons". Note the stippling to berween the letters on the frame. A feature of this maker.

- Above: A pair of New Zealand Rifle Brigade (NZRB) shoulder titles in brass, which have been modified.
Top: Has had its :B" modified, but still keeping the looped lug to back.
Base:

- Above: A cropped or cut pair of titles made from possibly the above "NZR" titles, but have the R removed. One lug has also been re-attached to the back of the Z. Both have two hex type brass lugs to back. Purpose unknown.

More Variations:
- Opposite Top: A sew-on type national title with a black hessian backing cloth which has had a tan ribbon loop added to back.

- Opposite 2nd Row: A title with large white New Zealand letters on a black background, which has been sewn onto a light khaki material loop. Sadly mothed to front.

- Opposite 3rd Row: A embroidered white lettered shoulder title on black material backing, which is also sewn into a loop.

- Opposite Bottom Row: Same again, but narrower and different style of lettering.

- Opposite Top Row: A embroidered white thread on black background sew-on type national shoulder title. Dark material backing.

- Opposite 2nd and 3rd Rows: A near matching pair of embroidered white thread on black background sew-on type national shoulder title. Dark material backing.

- Opposite Bottom Row: A embroidered white thread on black background sew-on type national shoulder title. Light hessian material backing.

From WW2, New Zealand overseas serving forces used a cloth National shoulder title. These were well into the 1980's.

- Opposite Top and 2nd Row: A pair of early embroidered "slip-on" shoulder titles mounted on a loop of khaki wool material. These were designed to be worn over the shoulder strap of the battle dress, and literately "slipped-on".

- Opposite 3rd Row: A embroidered national title on black background, mounted on a light tan material loop.

- Opposite Bottom Row: A embroidered national title on black background, mounted on a light khaki material loop.

- Opposite Top Row: A woven style White and Black threaded national shoulder title, possibly just a sew on. Backed on light tan material.

- Opposite 2nd Row: A larger woven style White and Black threaded national shoulder title, sewn onto a light khaki loop.

- Opposite 3rd Row: A embroidered white thread on black background sew-on type national shoulder title. Dark material backing.

- Opposite Bottom Row: A embroidered white thread on black background sew-on type national shoulder title. White hessian backing material.

As WW2 progressed, New Zealand experimented with ways of making the titles easier to produce.

- Opposite Top Row: A printed slip-on national shoulder titles on a dark khaki ribbon.

- Opposite Middle Row: A printed slip-on national shoulder titles on a dark khaki ribbon. Loop to back has been clipped off.

- Opposite Bottom Row: A printed slip-on national shoulder titles on a dark khaki ribbon.

- Above: Four New Zealand Army issue Pacific theater of war national shoulder title. Black NZ letters either printed or embroidered on a light khaki material.

- Opposite: A matching pair of Silver bullion thread New Zealand shoulder titles. The bullion thread is sewn onto a black wool type cloth, which is then stitched onto ribbon like loops. Some oxidation to bullion finish and also some mothing to low title.

- Above: Two private purchase National slip-on shoulder titles in different styles. The "New Zealand" is in Silver Bullion thread. These were bought by Kiwi troops in Italy during WW2, to add a bit of "bling" to their uniforms. Sadly the bottom title has oxidised with age.

- Opposite: After WW2 New Zealand struggled to come up with a system of regimental titles. A number of different systems and styles were proposed, but not until 1961 that the opposite was adopted by the Infantry Regiments of the New Zealand Army.

These were worn in pairs, on the upper sleeves of the Tunic and Battle Dress. They continued to be worn until 1994, when they were "washed out" of service, i.e. worn until all stocks were exhausted.

A universal "NEW ZEALAND" title is now worn.

I am just missing the "Otago & Southland Regiment" in the opposite line-up.

Shoulder Numbers

In 1911, The New Zealand Army adopted a numbered system for their 16 (soon to be 17 in 1914) Infantry and 12 Mounted Rifles Regiments.
A 15mm gilt brass number was worn on each shoulder strap on a mans tunic, positioned above the shoulder title of either N.Z.R or N.Z.M.R.
- Above, a complete set of 15mm Gilt brass shoulder strap numbers. All have a single hex type brass lug to the back, except for the 8, which has had a second added at a later date. Note the "6" or "9" can be used as either.
- Right Top and Bottom: These numbers were pushed through the shoulder strap material and supported under the back of the strap with a small oval backing plate, which also spaced the numbers correctly if the Regiment has a double digit number. Example here is to the 12th (Nelson) Infantry or 12th (Otago) Mounted Rifles Regiment.

New Zealand Forces Button.

The New Zealand Forces button was universally adopted in 1911 by all the newly created Infantry, Mounted Rifles and some Corps. The pattern is still used today in a anodised aluminium format by some Corps. This section covers some of the various makers of this widely used button:

- Opposite Left: A gilt brass, 25mm fixed shank button to the New Zealand Forces. This is maker marked to "Van Staveren, Wellington".

- Opposite Center:A gilt brass, 21mm fixed shank button to the New Zealand Forces. This is maker marked to "Van Staveren, Wellington".

- Opposite Right: A gilt brass, 17mm fixed shank button to the New Zealand Forces. This is maker marked to "Van Staveren, Wellington".

Herman van Staveren (1849-1930) was the Rabbi of Wellington from 1877 until his death. He had a family of 13 children, with three of his sons opening Van Staveren Bros. Limited in 1905. The firm finally closed in the 1980’s.

During WW2, Bakelite (a early form of plastic) was used for buttons in New Zealand to conserve the use of brass for other areas of War production. These appear to have only been worn in New Zealand and not overseas by active service soldiers.

- Opposite Left: A Bakelite, single piece (with integrated hole to back for sewing onto a tunic) in 24mm diameter. No maker mark.

- Opposite Right: A similar Bakelite, single piece in 17mm diameter. No maker mark.

- Above Left: A gilt brass, fixed shank 25mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Stokes & Sons, Melbourne".
- Above Center: A gilt brass, fixed shank 21mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Stokes & Sons, Melbourne".
- Above Right: A gilt brass, fixed shank 16mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Stokes & Sons, Melbourne".

- Above: A 21mm gilt brass button to the New Zealand Forces. Extra gilt applied to front.

- Above: The back of the same 21mm gilt brass button. Screw attachment for shoulder strap or cuff-links?

- Opposite Left: A gilt brass, fixed shank 25mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Buttons Limited Birmingham".

- Opposite Center: A gilt brass, fixed shank 17mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Buttons Limited Bham".

- Opposite Right: A gilt brass, flexible shank 17mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Buttons Limited Bham".

- Opposite Top Left: A gilt brass, flexible shank 24mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Woolley & Co (Birmingham) Ltd".

- Opposite Top Right: A chromed, flexible shank 24mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Woolley & Co (Birmingham) Ltd".

- Opposite Bottom Left: A gilt brass, flexible shank 17mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Woolley & Co (Birm) Ltd". Note no border around edge.

- Opposite Bottom Right: A gilt brass, flexible shank 17mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Woolley & Co (Birm) Ltd". Note with border around edge.

- Above: A polished bronze 24mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Fixed shank and nicely marked to "Jennsen & Co Ltd, London". Jennsen used this mark from 1912 to 1924, when they amalgamated with J R Gaunt.

- Above: A unusual private purchase (?) pressed Leather 17mm New Zealand Forces in a dark brown colour.

- Above: Showing the back of the 17mm Leather New Zealand Forces Button. Note the integrated loop. Maker marked to back (faintly, so I could have this wrong) "Livingstone 1947".

- Above Left: A gilt brass, fixed shank, 25mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back "Made in England".
- Above Right: A gilt brass, flexible shank 25mm button to the New Zealand Forces. No maker mark to back.

- Above Left: A gilt brass, flexible shank, 23mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to "J W Tiptaft & Son Ltd, Birmingham".
- Above Right: A gilt brass, fixed shank 25mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "E Arnfield & Co Ltd, Birmingham".

- Opposite Left: A gilt brass, fixed shank 17mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Arnfield Ltd Birmingham".

- Opposite Middle: A gilt brass, flexible shank 24mm button to the New Zealand Forces. No maker mark.

- Opposite Right: A gilt brass, fixed shank 17mm button to the New Zealand Forces. No maker mark.

- Opposite: J R Gaunt was by far the largest producer of New Zealand Forces buttons, they came in either fixed or flexible shank.

- Top Row Left: A 25 mm, Gilt brass, fixed shank button with maker mark of "J. R. Gaunt & Son, London".
- Top Row Middle: A 25 mm, Gilt brass, flexible shank button with maker mark of "J. R. Gaunt & Son Ltd, London".
- Top Row Right: A 17 mm, Gilt brass, fixed shank button with maker mark of "J. R. Gaunt & Son Ltd, London".
- Bottom Row Left: A 17 mm, Gilt brass, fixed shank button with maker mark of "J. R. Gaunt & Son Ltd, London, Engd". The shank is in the horizontal position to back in relation to words to front.
- Bottom Row Middle: A 17 mm, Gilt brass, fixed shank button with maker mark of "J. R. Gaunt & Son Ltd, London, Engd". The shank is in the vertical position to back in relation to words to front.
- Bottom Row Right: A 17 mm, Gilt brass, fixed shank button with maker mark of "J. R. Gaunt & Son Ltd, London, Engd" in different font style to back. The shank is in the horizontal position to back in relation to words to front.

- Above Left: A gilt brass, flexible shank 17mm button to the New Zealand Forces. Maker marked to back to "Wm Dowler & Sons Ltd, Birm". Not yet seen a large 25mm version of this makers button.
- Above 2nd Left: A gilt brass 12mm Hat button, with flexible shank to back. Marked "J. R. Gaunt & Son Ltd, London"
- Above 2nd Right: A gilt brass 12mm Hat button, with fixed shank to back. Marked "J. R. Gaunt & Son Ltd, London"
- Above Right: A gilt brass 12mm Hat button, with fixed shank to back. No maker mark.

- Above: A gilt brass, 17mm, fixed shank New Zealand Forces button. Maker marked to back to "Extra Superb".

- Above Left: A deep or thick 17mm New Zealand Forces Button. D shaped fixed shank to back, with no maker.
- Above Right: A gilt brass 16mm New Zealand Forces Button. Fixed shank to back and marked "Supere Quality".

- Above: The following three buttons have a finish applied. Possibly Officers.
- Left: A 17mm, bronze or bronzed finished New Zealand Forces button. Flexible shank to back with the maker mark "Woolley & Co (Birm) Ltd".
- Center: A slightly crushed 17mm bronze or bronzed finished New Zealand Forces button. Flexible shank to back with the maker mark "J R Gaunt & Son Ltd, London".
- Right: A dark brown or bronzed finished 17mm New Zealand Forces button. Fixed shank to back with the maker mark "J R Gaunt & Son Ltd, London".

- Above Left: A large gilt brass New Zealand Forces button in 26mm, with the maker mark of "J R Gaunt & Son, London", in large letters to back.
- Opposite Right: A chromed New Zealand Forces button in 17mm, with the maker mark of "J R Gaunt & Son Ltd, London" to back.

Modern New Zealand Forces buttons
- Above Left:A silver toned, anodised aluminium (with brass backing), 25.5 mm New Zealand Forces button. Maker mark of "Gaunt, London", in large letters to back.
Above Center: A gilt toned, anodised aluminium (with brass backing), 17mm New Zealand Forces button. Maker mark of "Gaunt, London".
Above Right: A silver toned, anodised aluminium (with brass backing), 17mm New Zealand Forces button. Maker mark of "Gaunt, London".

Possible Other Makers
- There has been talk of "A Levy, Wellington" making New Zealand Forces buttons around WW1, but I have yet to see one.

New Zealand Puggaree Colours.

Above is a chart of the colour bands or Puggaree's worn around the New Zealand Army's Lemon Squeezer or Slouch hat. These colours were adopted and evolved from 1911, until 1966, when the system was dropped. It was then re-introduced in 1994, but on a much limited scale.
The Puggaree is in the form of three bands of cloth, and vary in diameter, according to hat size. All were issued unmarked and undated. Usually they have a purple ink size (in inches), stamped on the inside of their hessian cloth backing. Sometimes a Soldier will mark it with his name or Service number.
There are as follows:
1. Khaki/Red/Khaki - Introduced 1912 and worn by the New Zealand Infantry, New Zealand Rifle Brigade, New Zealand Machine Gun Corps, New Zealand Pioneer Battalions.
2. Khaki/Green/Khaki - Introduced 1912 and worn by the New Zealand Mounted Rifles, Unposted Territorial Force Cadets and New Zealand Cycle Corps. Reintroduced in 1994 to be worn by Queen Alexandra's Mounted Rifles - RNZAC
3. Blue/Red/Blue - Introduced 1912 and worn by the New Zealand Artillery - RNZA and NZA.
4. Khaki/Dark Blue/Khaki - Introduced 1912 and worn by the New Zealand Engineers and New Zealand Corps of Signals (1st Pattern).
5. Khaki/Light Blue/Khaki - Introduced 1923 and worn by the New Zealand Corps of Signals (2nd Pattern).
6. Khaki/White/Light Blue/Khaki - Introduced 1935 and worn by the New Zealand Corps of Signals (3rd Pattern).
7. Light Blue/Dark Blue/Light Blue - Introduced 1939 and worn by the New Zealand Corps of Signals (4th Pattern).
8. Khaki/Maroon/Khaki - Introduced 1912 and worn by the New Zealand Veterinarian Corps.
9. Red/Dark Blue/Red - Introduced 1923 and worn by the New Zealand Ordnance Corps.
10. Black/Black/Black - Worn by unposted Regular Force Cadets, and in 1941 adopted by the New Zealand Armoured Corps.
11. Black/Khaki/Khaki/Black - Introduced in 1917 and worn by the New Zealand Chaplains Department (1st Pattern).
12. Purple/Purple/Purple - Introduced in the 1950's and worn by the New Zealand Chaplains Department (2nd Pattern).
13. Khaki/White/Khaki - Introduced in 1912 and worn by the New Zealand Army Service Corps.
14. Khaki/Yellow/Khaki - Introduced in 1923 (on paper only - research has shown that the Corps possibly had zero personnel, and it wasn't until WW2 that members were issued their Puggaree) and worn by the New Zealand Army Pay Corps.
15. Khaki/Cherry Red/Khaki - Introduced in 1912 and worn by the New Zealand Medical Corps.
16. Red/Red/Red - Introduced in 1912 and worn by a number of Units, New Zealand Permanent Staff, Coronation Contingent (1953), New Zealand Honor Guard (from 1977).
17. Red/Green/Red - Worn by the New Zealand Electrical & Mechanical Engineers (1st Pattern).
18. Dark Blue/Yellow (thin)/Red - Worn by the New Zealand Electrical & Mechanical Engineers (2nd Pattern).
19. Green/Green/Green - Introduced in 1941 and worn by New Zealand War Correspondents.
20. White/White/White - Introduced in 1915 and worn by New Zealand Officer Cadet Training Units, also worn in 1941 by Home Guard Traffic Control Units in 1942.
21. Green/Khaki/Green - Worn by the New Zealand Dental Corps (1st Pattern).
22. Dark Blue/Peacock Green/Dark Blue - Worn by the New Zealand Dental Corps (2nd Pattern).
23. Khaki/Black/Khaki - Introduced in 1917 and worn by the Home Service personnel of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force.
24. Dark Blue/Light Blue/Dark Blue - Worn by the New Zealand Education Corps.
25. Blue/Blue/Blue - Worn by the New Zealand Provost Corps.
26. Light Blue/White/Light Blue - Introduced in 1918 and worn by the Y.M.C.A (1st Pattern).
27. Black/White/Black - Introduced in 1941 and worn by the Y.M.C.A (2nd Pattern).
28. Red/Khaki/Red - Worn by NZ Senior Cadet Officers - 1911 to 1921, Training Cadets at Threntham Camp from 1927, Unposted Regular Service Recruits from 1932 until 1950 and troops stationed on Fanning Island during WW2.
29. Khaki/Khaki/Khaki - Initially worn by the New Zealand Rifle Brigade, before they then adopted the Infantry coloured Puggaree of Khaki/Red/Khaki. Worn also by Regular Force Cadets from 1949, with black diamond patches to either side.